1.3 Mastering the Basics: Unveiling the Power of Essential Linux Commands Part-2

In this article, we will explore various file and directory manipulation tasks in a Linux-based terminal.

Viewing File Contents: To view what's written in a file (fruits.txt)

[~]$ cat fruits.txt

Changing Access Permissions: To change the access permissions of files (for example, make the file executable only for the owner)

[~]$ chmod u+rwx,g-rwx,o-rwx filename # Replace 'filename' with the actual file name
[~]$ chmod 700 filename # Replace 'filename' with the actual file name

Bit	Purpose	Octal Value
r	Read	4
w	Write	2
x	Execute	1

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while using octal code like xyz, where x gives permission for the user or owner, y talks about group & z tells about others.

Examples for more clarity:

Full access for Owner, add read, remove execute for group and no access for others

[~]$ chmod u+rwx,g+r-x,o-rwx test-file

Provide full access to Owners, group and others

[~]$ chmod 777 test-file

Provide Read and execute access to Owners,groups and others

[~]$ chmod 555 test-file

Read and Write access for Owner and Group, No access for others.

[~]$ chmod 660 test-file

Full access for Owner, read and execute for group and no access for others.

[~]$ chmod 750 test-file

Checking Command History: To check which commands you have run till now

[~]$ history

Removing a Directory/Folder: To remove a directory/folder (for example, remove a directory named 'my_folder')

[~]$ rm -r my_folder

Creating and Viewing fruits.txt:

[~]$ echo "Apple Mango Banana Cherry Kiwi Orange Guava" > fruits.txt
[~]$ cat fruits.txt

Adding Content to devops.txt: Add content in devops.txt (One in each line) - Apple, Mango, Banana, Cherry, Kiwi, Orange, Guava:

[~]$ echo -e "Apple\nMango\nBanana\nCherry\nKiwi\nOrange\nGuava" > devops.txt

Showing Top Three Fruits:

[~]$ head -n 3 devops.txt

Showing Bottom Three Fruits

[~]$ tail -n 3 devops.txt

Creating and Viewing Colors.txt

[~]$ echo -e "Red\nPink\nWhite\nBlack\nBlue\nOrange\nPurple\nGrey" > Colors.txt

[~]$ cat Colors.txt

Adding Content to Colors.txt: Add content in Colors.txt (One in each line) - Red, Pink, White, Black, Blue, Orange, Purple, Grey:

[~]$ echo -e "Red\nPink\nWhite\nBlack\nBlue\nOrange\nPurple\nGrey" > Colors.txt

Finding Differences Between Files: To find the difference between fruits.txt and Colors.txt file

[~]$ diff fruits.txt Colors.txt

"Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life." - Confucius

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Happy learning!!!

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1.3 Mastering the Basics: Unveiling the Power of Essential Linux Commands Part-2

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